fundamental observer error actor observer bias

The personality, abilities, and traits of the person involved are all classified as internal while environmental constraints, other people’s actions, and properties of the situation are external (Reeder, 1982). When determining what caused a particular event the observer focuses on either the internal or external factors that are present. In doing so, people’s ability to know, and, in some ways, control the social world around them is enhanced. According to research, humans actively engage in attribution methods because they have an innate desire to understand, predict, and control what’s going on around them (Forgas, 1998). Psychologists have come up with multiple attribution theories to describe the different ways people use various pieces of information when trying to explain particular events. These explanations, or attributions, are a crucial form of information processing that help explain the situations and behavior occurring in the world around us (Kazdin, 2000). The fundamental attribution error, also called the correspondence bias, describes the tendency for observer’s to attribute other people’s behavior to internal or dispositional factors and to downplay situational causes (Gilbert & Malone, 1995).Įvery day people make causal explanations for their own and others’ behavior, as well as for events in general.

Fundamental observer error actor observer bias